Yes, there's a sociology of science, as Thomas Kuhn showed with his famous book, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Scientists can be tribal in protecting their treasured "normal" science from the force of anomalous counterexamples.
But none of that is inconsistent with what I say in the article. I agree, of course, that scientists are humans with subjective biases. Scientists can even be personally religious, but that's not the same as saying that science is a religion. Science is a method for circumventing the religiosity and other personal biases of scientists and of everyone else. The experimental method lets the facts speak for themselves, so we needn't rely so much on our prejudices and parochial preoccupations.
Now I argue elsewhere that the scientific method is fundamentally about control and human empowerment, and is therefore somewhat anthropocentric. We want to understand how nature works so we can flourish. This means that scientific institutions have an implicit, secular humanistic or even neoliberal ideology. In short, science belongs in a certain culture, which is why open societies excel more in science than do closed ones.
Those who go through higher training aren't indoctrinated, for two reasons: they're old enough to start to think for themselves, and they're taught precisely how to do so in college or university. That's very different from a parent feeding a religion to a toddler. Toddlers aren't the young adults who go off to college.
A better analogy might be between religious indoctrination of children, and the cults or secret societies that brainwash some chosen students in sororities and the like. That brainwashing of young adults into subscribing, in effect, to social Darwinism or to some warped rich person's view of the world might indeed be comparable to how religions spread by pure indoctrination.
The point is that it's possible to indoctrinate/brainwash an adult, as in military boot camp or a cult. But higher education isn't the best example since that education is about learning and practicing how to think for yourself, that being the antidote to indoctrination.
