The probabilistic math might make QM seem less game-like. But QM isn't a complete theory; it's just a means of calculating probabilities.

I don't think theories in physics are falsified in that way. They're made obsolete or they're engulfed by more appealing frameworks. Einstein's theory engulfed Newton's but didn't falsify it. QM doesn't falfsify relativity since the two theories might have different scopes, in which case they'd be talking past each other.

Even if they were talking about the same thing, they might be emphasizing different aspects. If the theories are inconsistent or they entail opposite predictions, that would be awkard, but I suspect that absolute contradictions are rare even in theories formulated in artificial languages. There's always room to tweak a model, and that's what scientists do until a revolutionary framework comes along.