That's reading the tea leaves, in seeing proto-modern sources in Christianity. Of course, absolute modernity came from Europe, and Europe was Christian, so early modernists worked with what they had, gradually transforming Christian culture into a secular humanistic one. But Christianity's impact on modernity was generally ironic, as in unintentional. The more direct sources were Hellenistic philosophy and art, and the pagan current that flowed through the Gnostic heresies up to the Italian Renaissance.

Eve as a countercultural hero? That's rich, though, since Christendom was patriarchal and the Church demonized Eve and Mary Magdalene. Eve can be read as a hero in ironic retrospect, but that retrospect wouldn't speak to the essential Christian myth.

I'm wary of this talk of "dialectics," since it strikes me as wishy-washy, as I say in my articles against Alexander Bard's Hegelian/Lacanian "philosophy." But sure, there are likely competing aspects of any culture. I posit a dialectic between the dominant, compromised, politicized culture, and the visionary, idealistic counterculture, which seems to overlap with what you say about orthodox and reformist factions.

But Jesus himself was a reformer, and it's his message, as expressed in the NT, that's anti-modern. Not all reformist ideologies are equally worthy.