Not really since the ancient conception of such absolute progress was theological and thus unworkable. The "modern," scientifically informed conception is based on real knowledge, not just a fantasy or an intuition. So the modern version could redeem the ancient one by making this transition to "godhood" happen in reality with technology. Sure, modern transhumanism is still speculative and maybe even faith-based. But there's a big difference between science or even science fiction and theology.